Actual for You - Communications

Successful Fundraising Donation Letters Use Before-And-After Samples, Examples
The best advice I can give you for writing successful fundraising letters is to act as if your donors are obese. Really obese.Imagine, for example, that they struggle with their weight every single day. Imagine that they hate the way they look. Imagine that they want nothing more than to lose weight and look fabulous.Now imagine that you have the weight-loss program that your donors need to shed those unsightly pounds and return to the weight and energy level they crave.But how are you going to persuade your donors that you have the weight-loss solution they need?With amazing before-and-after pictures.You know the kind I mean. You see them on the covers of the magazines at the supermarket checkout lane. There’s a photo of Tom before his diet and another photo of Tom after his diet. “Before, 357 lbs. After, 168 lbs.” “Tom lost 189 lbs in 12 months! So can you!”I once read through an issue of Weight Watchers magazine that was filled with these sample before-and-after photographs. Even though each example bore a disclaimer saying that the results for each person depicted were not typical, these photos were compelling and persuasive. I was obese. I wanted to lose. So they persuaded me. They proved that the Weight Watchers program worked.Your donors may not be obese. But they are nevertheless looking to invest their money in charitable causes that make a difference. Your role as a direct mail fundraiser is to prove that your organi

to the channel. (Srinivas, 2001)

3. User Data and Signalling Protection: Srinivas (2001) states that to protect both user data and signalling, GSM uses a cipher key. After the authentication of the user, the A8 ciphering key generating algorithm (stored in the SIM card) is used. Taking the RAND and Ki as inputs, it results in the ciphering key Kc which is sent through. To encipher or decipher the data, this Kc (54 bits) is used with the A5 ciphering algorithm. This algorithm is contained within the hardware of the mobile phone so as to encrypt and decrypt the data while roaming. Algorithms used to make mobile traffic secure

Mortgage Lenders Network Have License Suspended
Mortgage Lenders Network has been ordered by the Connecticut State Department of Housing to stop all its lending activities. It has suspended the lending license of the mortgage firm. Mortgage Lenders Network that holds itself as the nation’s top sub prime lending firm, is currently facing an investigation for not providing loans to the people with poor credit. The firm is also facing similar charges in other states of US.Reacting to these charges, the firm has categorically agreed with the State government that it will stop all its lending activities in Connecticut till it is cleared of all the charges. James Heckman, spokesperson of the banking department, has clarified the press that this suspension makes the agreement with the company legal.Christopher Capot, spokesperson of Mortgage Lenders Network, refused to make any statement on behalf of his company. The company, if found guilty, would have to shell out a large amount in the form of fines that would be imposed by various state governments. According to the company, increase in the number of defaulters and unsteady nature of the real estate market have been the prime reasons for the situation.Mortgage Lenders, a privately owned firm, claims that its portfolio amounts to around $17.8 billion. The charges that have been placed on the firm by the Connecticut state include delay in the issuance of loan to the lenders, imposing high prepaid finance charges more than the legal limit and keeping the cu

Introduction

Every day millions of people use cellular phones over radio links. With the increasing features, the mobile phone is gradually becoming a handheld computer. In the early 1980’s, when most of the mobile telephone system was analog, the inefficiency in managing the growing demands in a cost-effective manner led to the opening of the door for digital technology (Huynh & Nguyen, 2003). According to Margrave (n.d), “With the older analog-based cellular telephone systems such as the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) and the Total Access Communication System (TACS)”, cellular fraud is extensive. It’s very simple for a radio hobbyist to tune in and hear cellular telephone conversations since without encryption, the voice and user data of the subscriber is sent to the network (Peng, 2000). Margrave (n.d) states that apart from this, cellular fraud can be committed by using complex equipment to receive the Electronic Serial Number so as to clone another mobile phone and place calls with that. To counteract the aforementioned cellular fraud and to make mobile phone traffic secure to a certain extent, GSM (Global System for Mobile communication or Group Special Mobile) is one of the many solutions now out there. According to GSM-tutorials, formed in 1982, GSM is a worldwide accepted standard for digital cellular communication. GSM operates in the 900MHz, 1800MHz, or 1900Mhz frequency bands by “digitizing and compressing data and then sending it down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its own time slot.” GSM provides a secure and confidential method of communication.

Security provided by GSM

The limitation of security in cellular communication is a result of the fact that all cellular communication is sent over the air, which then gives rise to threats from eavesdroppers with suitable receivers. Keeping this in account, security controls were integrated into GSM to make the system as secure as public switched telephone networks. The security functions are:

1. Anonymity: It implies that it is not simple and easy to track the user of the system. According to Srinivas (2001), when a new GSM subscriber switches on his/her phone for the first time, its International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), i.e. real identity is used and a Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) is issued to the subscriber, which from that time forward is always used. Use of this TMSI, prevents the recognition of a GSM user by the potential eavesdropper.

2. Authentication: It checks the identity of the holder of the smart card and then decides whether the mobile station is allowed on a particular network. The authentication by the network is done by a response and challenge method. A random 128-bit number (RAND) is generated by the network and sent to the mobile. The mobile uses this RAND as an input and through A3 algorithm using a secret key Ki (128 bits) assigned to that mobile, encrypts the RAND and sends the signed response (SRES-32 bits) back. Network performs the same SRES process and compares its value with the response it has received from the mobile so as to check whether the mobile really has the secret key (Margrave, n.d). Authentication becomes successful when the two values of SRES matches which enables the subscriber to join the network. Since every time a new random number is generated, eavesdroppers don’t get any relevant information by listening to the channel. (Srinivas, 2001)

It's Time To Start Earning Money From Your Website
Sooner or later, hopefully sooner, you'll want to start earning money from your website. And who can blame you for that?If you are diligently adding new, fresh content to your site, the major engines will find you...but they want to know that you're going to be hanging around so they take their sweet time. Trust me on that one.But even as you're adding that content on a regular basis (which is something that we learn in spades through SBI!) allow yourself to start thinking about how you'll best MONETIZE YOUR SITE. How will you make money?Adsense to start? Affiliate programs and Adsense? Banner ads?Believe me on this one, thinking about HOW you will monetize your site should start even before you have created your first HTML page. And it is a process...meaning it never ends. And with time firmly on YOUR side, you will be able to easily swap in and out those MONETIZATION methods that work best for YOU.You start earning money from your website when your 'status' especially at the search engine rank becomes clear. That's when you get indexed. Think of it as your 'coming out' party...with an invitation to EVERYONE on the planet. Nice thought huh?Again, you will need for a certain amount of time to pass before you really start earning money from your website because the biggest three search engines will hold you back that way...especially Google. These engines want to know, for sure, that you will continue to provide your wonderful

ar fraud can be committed by using complex equipment to receive the Electronic Serial Number so as to clone another mobile phone and place calls with that. To counteract the aforementioned cellular fraud and to make mobile phone traffic secure to a certain extent, GSM (Global System for Mobile communication or Group Special Mobile) is one of the many solutions now out there. According to GSM-tutorials, formed in 1982, GSM is a worldwide accepted standard for digital cellular communication. GSM operates in the 900MHz, 1800MHz, or 1900Mhz frequency bands by “digitizing and compressing data and then sending it down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its own time slot.” GSM provides a secure and confidential method of communication.

Security provided by GSM

Use CRM To Run Sales By Numbers
Running sales by the numbers. In today's day and age it's very easy for you to establish to gain great visibility over your actual sales activity using modern CRM systems. We've deployed CRM systems like Salesforce.com for many different clients. They allow us to quickly establish a dashboard that gives us accurate accounts of all calling and customer proposal and visitation activity. If you run your sales by the numbers and look at that activity on the daily and weekly basis, it's very easy for you to quickly see what patterns are emerging in your sales team performance and act accordingly in terms of zeroing in on corrective actions that need to be taken with individual team members in order to boost their overall sales results.Running sales by the numbers has never been easier using modern activity measurements systems such as those found in Salesforce.com. The key to setting up those systems is to make sure that you've got a clear understanding of exactly what matrix you want to track prior to designing your system and how they align with the accountability and individual responsibilities that you've assigned your sales team so that the activities that you're tracking are the same matrix that you're holding your sales team accountable for. But that's quite easy to do as long as you do a little advance planning prior to deploying your CRM system and at the time you're actually setting annual sales goals with your individual sales team members.We've fou

f the fact that all cellular communication is sent over the air, which then gives rise to threats from eavesdroppers with suitable receivers. Keeping this in account, security controls were integrated into GSM to make the system as secure as public switched telephone networks. The security functions are:

Republicans Push Forward With Repeal on Estate Tax
Republicans in the Senate are moving forward this week with efforts to repeal the estate tax.The estate-tax measure is unlikely to become a successful bill. The measure will likely draw support from a majority of senators, but is expected to fall short of the 60 votes required to stop a Democratic filibuster.The estate-tax repeal could find new life in an election-year compromise between a Republican in a Democratic state and a Democrat in a Republican state.Republican Senator Jon Kyl of Arizona has been talking with Montana Democrat Senator Max Baucus. Baucus is the top Democrat on the Senate Finance Committee. New York Democrat Senator Charles Schumer is taking part in the talks, as well. Aides say that a deal should be reached in the next couple of days.The senators are working on legislation that would exempt all taxpayers, except the very wealthy, from paying taxes on their estates. This could exempt estates up to $10 million. The senators are also discussing lowering the tax rates that individuals pay on the value of their estates when they die.Currently, the estate tax is being lowered each year from the rate of 55% in 2001 to 0% in 2010. In 2011, the rate will return to 55%. The rollback was a part of President Bush's 2001 tax bill.Each year, the House Republicans vote on a repeal of the estate tax. But the Senate has never met the 60 votes needed. If the senators are able to make peace on the issue, there will probably be a

smart card and then decides whether the mobile station is allowed on a particular network. The authentication by the network is done by a response and challenge method. A random 128-bit number (RAND) is generated by the network and sent to the mobile. The mobile uses this RAND as an input and through A3 algorithm using a secret key Ki (128 bits) assigned to that mobile, encrypts the RAND and sends the signed response (SRES-32 bits) back. Network performs the same SRES process and compares its value with the response it has received from the mobile so as to check whether the mobile really has the secret key (Margrave, n.d). Authentication becomes successful when the two values of SRES matches which enables the subscriber to join the network. Since every time a new random number is generated, eavesdroppers don’t get any relevant information by listening to the channel. (Srinivas, 2001)

What Your Electronics Manufacturing Service Provider Needs from You
Contract electronics manufacturing service or EMS providers typically work with customers in a wide range of industries with differing requirements for inventory control, testing, product packaging, and product support. In some applications, the EMS provider simply assembles the printed circuit boards and then ships the boards to the customer. In other applications, the EMS provider will assemble the printed circuit board, load firmware/software into memory, test the board, and then assemble the board and associated cables, enclosures, and documentation into a finished product that is shipped to the customer. Some customers will provide all of the materials, raw boards and electronic components, required for a job and the EMS provider assemblies the printed circuit boards, performs any required testing, and ships the finished boards to the customer. This is generally considered as inventory provided on a consignment basis where the EMS provider basically provides labor and expertise only. Some customers provide some portion on the materials, such as specialty or high cost integrated circuits, proprietary parts such as transformers or coils, raw printed circuit boards, etc. and rely on the EMS provider to purchase the remainder of the components needed to assemble the boards. Most EMS providers prefer to use their own purchasing power, their extensive contacts, and their existing parts inventory where applicable to provide all of the required materials for a customer's partic

to the channel. (Srinivas, 2001)

Authentication Algorithm A3: One way function, A3 is an operator-dependent stream cipher. To compute the output SRES by using A3 is easy but it is very difficult to discover the input (RAND and Ki) from the output. To cover the issue of international roaming, it was mandatory that each operator may choose to use A3 independently. The basis of GSM’s security is to keep Ki secret (Srinivas, 2001)

Ciphering Algorithm A5: In recent times, many series of A5 exists but the most common ones are A5/0(unencrypted), A5/1 and A5/2. Because of the export regulations of encryption technologies there is the existence of a series of A5 algorithms (Brookson, 1994).

A8 (Ciphering Key Generating Algorithm): Like A3, it is also operator-dependent. Most providers combine A3 and A8 algorithms into a single hash function known as COMP128. The COMP128 creates KC and SRES, in a single instance (Huynh & Nguyen, 2003).

GSM security flaws

Security by obscurity. According to (Li, Chen & Ma) some people asserts that since the GSM algorithms are not publicized so it is not a secure system. “Most security analysts believe any system that is not subject to the scrutiny of the world’s best minds can’t be as secure.” For instance, A5 was never made public, only its description is divulged as part of the GSM specification.

Another limitation of GSM is that although all communication between the Mobile station and the Base transceiver station are encrypted, in the fixed network all the communication and signalling is not protected as it is transmitted in plain text most of the time (Li, Chen & Ma).

One more problem is that it is hard to upgrade the cryptographic mechanisms timely.

Flaws are present within the GSM algorithms. According to Quirke (2004) “ A5/2 is a deliberately weakened version of A5/1, since A5/2 can be cracked on the order of about 216”.

Security breaches

Time to time, people have tried to decode GSM algorithms. For instance, according to Issac press release (1998) in April 1998, the SDA (Smartcard Developer Association) along with two U.C Berkeley researchers alleged that they have cracked the COMP128 algorithm, which is stored on the SIM. They claimed that within several hours they were able to deduce the Ki by sending immense numbers of challenges to the authorization module. They also said that out of 64 bits, Kc uses only 54 bits with zeros padding out the other 10, which makes the cipher key purposefully weaker. They felt government interference might be the reason behind this, as this would allow them to monitor conversations. However, they were unable to confirm their assertion since it is illegal to use equipment to carry out such an attack in the US. In reply to this assertion, the GSM alliance stated that since the GSM network allows only one call from any phone number at any one time it is of no relevant use even if a SIM could be cloned. GSM has the ability to detect and shut down duplicate SIM codes found on multiple phones (Business press release, 1998).

According to Srinivas (2001), one of the other claims was made by the ISAAC security research group. They asserted that a fake base station could be built for around $10,000, which would allow a “man-in-the-middle” attack. As a result of this, the real base station can get deluged which would compel a mobile station to connect to the fake station. Consequently, the base station could eavesdrop on the conversation by informing the phone to use A5/0, which is without encryption.

One of the other possible scenarios is of insider attack. In the GSM s

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If you're trying to promote your store, but you don't have a big advertising budget, relax. There are lots of ways to get in front of the audience you want to reach by using free publicity. Here are tips that will boost your publicity efforts and help you finally get noticed.

When you are filing for bankruptcy it is very hard to get a loan. You credit is being damaged by the bankruptcy and other debts you have not been able to payoff. You still need to rebuild you credit and this is where a lawyer can help you determine just where you can start. Most lawyers will tell you to get some type of loan before a mortgage or car loan to help reestablish credit, and so you can have a place to live.

There may have been instances in your life or career where your day starts with a hard disk crash or a physical memory dump. If it hasn't happened to you yet, it can happen anytime and catch you completely unawares. It can be very frustrating to loose all the important data, those great presentations, client briefs, portfolio, 3 years of research etc.

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